The Multiple-Resource Theory (MRT) of Attention has significantly advanced our understanding of cognitive processing by proposing that humans allocate attentional resources across multiple modalities and processors. Since its origin, the theory has undergone numerous adaptations and expansions, aligning with emerging empirical evidence and technological advancements. This overview therefore traces the evolution of the MRT, highlights key developments, critiques, and contemporary perspectives, and underscores the importance of ergonomic considerations in optimizing human performance across various settings.

Cypermethrin is an artificial pyrethroid insecticide which is broadly used in various applications such as public health protection, agriculture and household pests’ control. However, exposure to cypermethrin may result in several harmful effects on non-target species. This study was designed to investigate the toxic impacts which are caused by exposure to sub-lethal dose of cypermethrin, on antioxidant defense system in liver and kidney. The study was conducted on forty adult albino mice which were randomly distributed into four groups with ten mice each. First group served as healthy control and the rest received cypermethrin for periods of 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Mice were sacrificed and followed by collection and preparation of blood and tissue samples for qualitative, quantitative and biochemical analysis. The findings of this investigation revealed that in vivo administration of cypermethrin lead to remarkable stimulation of oxidative damage in hepatic and renal tissues, which was evidenced by alterations of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as depletion of GSH content associated with increased level of MDA, LOOH and AOPP resulting in induction of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. In addition, cypermethrin treatment significantly inhibited the antioxidant enzymatic activity including SOD, CAT, GR and GPx, while enhanced the activity of GST in Liver and kidney tissues. Furthermore, cypermethrin administration stimulated the activity of liver marker enzymes such as ALT, AST, GGT and ALP. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that cypermethrin intoxication induced formation of free radicals leading to oxidative damage, hepatotoxicity and nephropathy in adult albino mice.

Aim of this work is to verify the effect of urinary alkalinization in Candida A. genitourinary infections. Sodium bicarbonate have a great varieaty of use in medicine, cosmetics or used since to inibith bacterial growth in vegetables at home. Its proprerties with antibacterial and anti fungi is of interest also as remedy for Candida A. Are so analyzed the use of this ancient product, the mechanism of action, and the side effects. The lack of clinical studies with results related this approach and the mechanicistic efficacy of SB to Inibith CANDIDA A. in vitro or in other local situation (dermatological condition, dentistry) require an specific investigation. Even if the therapy of this condition is an physician’s responsability it is of interest to summarize some aspects of interest also for other healthcare professionals. This article is produced under a chemico- pharmacological point of view.

The integration of molecular diagnostics into routine clinical practice has fundamentally transformed the management of acute leukemias over the past decade. Next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled comprehensive genomic profiling that refines prognostic stratification, guides selection of targeted therapies, and enables monitoring of measurable residual disease. This review synthesizes current evidence on the role of molecular diagnostics in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), focusing on clinically relevant genetic alterations including FLT3, IDH1/2, NPM1, KMT2A rearrangements, and Philadelphia chromosome-like ALL. We examine how molecular findings inform risk stratification according to European LeukemiaNet guidelines, predict response to targeted inhibitors, and identify resistance mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss practical considerations for implementing molecular testing in clinical workflows, including optimal specimen types, testing platforms, turnaround time requirements, and interpretation of results by molecular tumor boards. Finally, we explore emerging applications of liquid biopsy for disease monitoring and early detection of relapse. As the therapeutic armamentarium expands, seamless integration of molecular diagnostics into clinical decision-making is essential to deliver precision medicine and improve outcomes for patients with acute leukemia.

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm driven by the BCR::ABL1 fusion oncogene, resulting from the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting BCR::ABL1 has revolutionized CML therapy, transforming a once-fatal disease into a manageable chronic condition with near-normal life expectancy. Objective: This comprehensive review synthesizes recent advances in the molecular pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic strategies, and emerging challenges in CML management, with a focus on developments from 2020-2025. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, emphasizing clinical trials, consensus guidelines, and molecular studies published between 2000-2025. Results: Six TKIs are currently approved for CML treatment: imatinib (first-generation), dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib (second-generation), and ponatinib and asciminib (third-generation). Frontline therapy achieves 10-year overall survival rates of 82-87% and relative survival of 90-95%. Treatment-free remission (TFR) is achievable in 40-60% of patients with sustained deep molecular response (DMR) for ≥2 years, with TFR rates reaching 80-85% after ≥5 years of DMR. Resistance mechanisms include BCR::ABL1 kinase domain mutations (notably T315I), clonal evolution, and BCR::ABL1-independent pathways. The T315I "gatekeeper" mutation confers resistance to all first- and second-generation TKIs but is sensitive to ponatinib and asciminib. Cardiovascular toxicity remains a significant concern with second- and third-generation TKIs, particularly nilotinib and ponatinib. Emerging third-generation TKIs (olverembatinib, TGRX-678, TERN-701, ELVN-001) show promising efficacy in resistant disease. Conclusion: The molecular era has established precision medicine for CML, with ongoing research focused on overcoming resistance, increasing TFR rates, managing long-term toxicities, and ensuring global access to effective therapies.